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Ion channels (Part II)
From Proteopedia
| NaK Channel with Na+ ions and a Ca+2 ion, 2ahy | |||||||||
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| Sites: | , and | ||||||||
| Ligands: | , | ||||||||
| Related: | 2ahz | ||||||||
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| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBsum, RCSB | ||||||||
| Coordinates: | save as pdb, mmCIF, xml | ||||||||
Ion channels translate ionic fluxes across cell membrane into electrical impulses. Potassium channels (KCh) are subdivided to voltage-gated KCh and calcium-dependent KCh. The latter are subdivided into high- (BK, LKCa), intermediate- and small-conductance KCh (human SK1, rat SK2, SKCa).
MthK is a calcium-dependent potassium channel from Methanobacterium thermoautrophicum. MscL and MscS are large- and small-conductance mechanosensitive channels which protect bacteria from osmotic shock by allowing ions to flow across the cell membrane.
Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels (VDCC) allow Ca to enter the cell resulting in muscle contraction, neuron excitation or hormone release. VDCC are composed of several subunits and are named as a Cav gene product. The human annexin V molecule serves as a calcium channel. There are also Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels (VDAC). Chloride ion channels (ClCh) are involved in maintaining pH, volume homeostasis and more. Ligand-Gated Ion Channels (LGIC) open or close when binding a ligand like a neurotransmitter. The Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated channel (CNGC) conduct cations upon binding of cAMP or cGMP. The Acid-Sensitive channels (ASC) conduct cations upon binding of acid. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative ion channel structure, i.e. the crystal structure of NaK Channel from Bacillus cereus (1qrq).
Potassium channel
See: Potassium Channels
BK channel
3mt5 – hBK cytoplasmic domain
1jo6 – BK beta 2 N- terminal KCNMB2 encoded LKCa - NMR
MthK
1kxd – MthK RCK domain+Cd - Methanobacterium thermoautrophicum
2ogu, 2fy8, 2aej, 2aem, 1lnq - MthK RCK domain
2aef - MthK RCK domain+Ca
Calcium channel
3bxx – rCav2.1 alpha 1A subunit+calmodulin
3bxl - rCav2.3 alpha 1E subunit+calmodulin
2f3y, 2f3z, 2be6 – hCav1.2 alpha 1C subunit+calmodulin
1t0h – rVDCC beta 2A subunit
1t0j – rVDCC beta 2A+alpha 1C
1vyt - rVDCC beta 3+alpha 1C
1vyu – rVDCC beta 3
1vyv - rVDCC beta 4
1t3l - raVDCC beta 2+alpha 1S – rabbit
1t3s - raVDCC beta 2
2d46 – hVDCC beta 4a – NMR
3dve, 3dvj, 3dvk, 3dvm, 3g43 - rCav2.2 alpha 1B subunit+hCalmodulin
3oxq - hCav2.1 alpha 1C subunit IQ domain+hCalmodulin
1hvd, 1hve, 1hvf, 1hvg – hAnnexin V (mutant)
NH4+ channel
2nmr, 2nop, 2now, 2npc, 2npd, 2npe, 2npj, 2npg, 2npk, 1u77, 1u7c, 1u7g, 1xqe, 1xqf – EcAmCh – Escherichia coli
2b2h, 2b2i, 2b2j – AmCh – Archaeglobus fulgidus
3b9w, 3b9y – AmCh – Nitrosomonas europaea
MscL and MscS
3hzq – MscL – Staphylococcus aureus
2oar – MscL – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2oau, 2vv5 - EcMscS
Chloride channel
2ahe, 2d2z – hClCh protein 4
1rk4 - hClCh protein 1
3o3t, 3p8w, 3p90, 1k0o - hClCh protein 1 (mutant)
Anion Channel
2jk4 – hVDAC
Ligand-gated ion channel
2vl0 – LGIC – Erwinia chrysanthemi
2xq3, 2xq4, 2xq5, 2xq6, 2xq7, 2xqa, 2xq8 – GvLGIC+inhibitor – Gloeobacter violaceus
3eam, 3ehz – GvLGIC
3igq – GvLGIC N-terminal
2xq9 – GvLGIC (mutant)+inhibitor
3lsv – GvLGIC (mutant)
Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated channel
3etq, 3ffq – mCNGC C-terminal
2zd9, 3beh - MlCNGC
Acid sensitive ion channel
ATP-Gated channel (AGC)
Proton channel
2kih, 2kwx – IVproton channel – Influenza virus
2kj1, 2l0j - IVproton channel – NMR
Voltage-gated hydrogen channel (VGHC)
3a2a – hVGHC C-terminal - NMR
