6o1q
From Proteopedia
The N-terminal domain of NPHP1 folds into an antiparallel three-stranded coiled coil
Structural highlights
Disease[NPHP1_HUMAN] Defects in NPHP1 are the cause of nephronophthisis type 1 (NPHP1) [MIM:256100]; also known as familial juvenile nephronophthisis 1. NPHP1 is an autosomal recessive inherited disease characterized by anemia, polyuria, polydipsia, isosthenuria and death in uremia. Symmetrical destruction of the kidneys involving both tubules and glomeruli occurs. The underlying pathology is a chronic tubulo-interstitial nephropathy with characteristic tubular basement membrane thickening and medullary cyst formation. Associations with extrarenal symptoms, especially ocular lesions, are frequent. The age at death ranges from about 4 to 15 years.[1] Defects in NPHP1 are the cause of Senior-Loken syndrome type 1 (SLSN1) [MIM:266900]; also known as juvenile nephronophthisis with Leber amaurosis. SLSN is a renal-retinal disorder characterized by progressive wasting of the filtering unit of the kidney, with or without medullary cystic renal disease, and progressive eye disease. Typically this disorder becomes apparent during the first year of life.[2] Defects in NPHP1 are the cause of Joubert syndrome type 4 (JBTS4) [MIM:609583]. JBTS is an autosomal recessive disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease. JBTS4 is a phenotypically mild form.[3] Function[NPHP1_HUMAN] Together with BCAR1 it may play a role in the control of epithelial cell polarity. Involved in the organization of apical junctions in kidney cells together with NPHP4 and RPGRIP1L/NPHP8 (By similarity). Does not seem to be strictly required for ciliogenesis (By similarity). Seems to help to recruit PTK2B/PYK2 to cell matrix adhesions, thereby initiating phosphorylation of PTK2B/PYK2 and PTK2B/PYK2-dependent signaling. May play a role in the regulation of intraflagellar transport (IFT) during cilia assembly. Required for normal retina development. In connecting photoreceptor cilia influences the movement of some IFT proteins such as IFT88 and WDR19. Involved in spermatogenesis (By similarity). Publication Abstract from PubMedMutations in the NPHP1 gene, coding for human nephrocystin-1 (NPHP1), cause the autosomal recessive disease nephronophthisis, the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in children and adolescents. The function and structure of NPHP1 are still poorly characterized. NPHP1 presents a modular structure well in keeping with its role as an adaptor protein: it harbors an SH3 domain flanked by two glutamic acid-rich regions and a conserved C-terminal nephrocystin homology domain (NHD). Similar to other NPHP protein family members, its N-terminus contains a putative coiled-coil domain (NPHP1CC) that is supposed to play an important role in NPHP1 self-association and/or protein-protein interactions. Structural studies proving its structure and its oligomerization state are still lacking. Here we demonstrate that NPHP1CC is monomeric in solution and unexpectedly folds into an autonomous domain forming a three-stranded antiparallel coiled coil suitable for protein-protein interactions. Notably, we found that the NPHP1CC shares remarkable structural similarities with the three-stranded coiled coil of the BAG domain protein family, which is known to mediate the anti-apoptotic function of these proteins, suggesting a possible similar role for NPHP1CC. In agreement with this hypothesis, we show that in the context of the full-length protein the NPHP1CC is fundamental to regulate resistance to apoptotic stimuli. The N-Terminal Domain of NPHP1 Folds into a Monomeric Left-Handed Antiparallel Three-Stranded Coiled Coil with Anti-apoptotic Function.,Mannella V, Quilici G, Nigro EA, Lampis M, Minici C, Degano M, Boletta A, Musco G ACS Chem Biol. 2019 Aug 5. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00582. PMID:31345020[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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