4h58
From Proteopedia
BRAF in complex with compound 3
Structural highlights
DiseaseBRAF_HUMAN Note=Defects in BRAF are found in a wide range of cancers.[1] Defects in BRAF may be a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:114500.[2] Defects in BRAF are involved in lung cancer (LNCR) [MIM:211980. LNCR is a common malignancy affecting tissues of the lung. The most common form of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that can be divided into 3 major histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell lung cancer. NSCLC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis.[3] [4] Defects in BRAF are involved in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) [MIM:605027. NHL is a cancer that starts in cells of the lymph system, which is part of the body's immune system. NHLs can occur at any age and are often marked by enlarged lymph nodes, fever and weight loss.[5] [6] Defects in BRAF are a cause of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC syndrome) [MIM:115150; also known as cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome. CFC syndrome is characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, heart defects and mental retardation. Heart defects include pulmonic stenosis, atrial septal defects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Some affected individuals present with ectodermal abnormalities such as sparse, friable hair, hyperkeratotic skin lesions and a generalized ichthyosis-like condition. Typical facial features are similar to Noonan syndrome. They include high forehead with bitemporal constriction, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, downslanting palpebral fissures, a depressed nasal bridge, and posteriorly angulated ears with prominent helices. The inheritance of CFC syndrome is autosomal dominant.[7] Defects in BRAF are the cause of Noonan syndrome type 7 (NS7) [MIM:613706. Noonan syndrome is a disorder characterized by facial dysmorphic features such as hypertelorism, a downward eyeslant and low-set posteriorly rotated ears. Other features can include short stature, a short neck with webbing or redundancy of skin, cardiac anomalies, deafness, motor delay and variable intellectual deficits.[8] [9] Defects in BRAF are the cause of LEOPARD syndrome type 3 (LEOPARD3) [MIM:613707. LEOPARD3 is a disorder characterized by lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth, and sensorineural deafness.[10] [11] Note=A chromosomal aberration involving BRAF is found in pilocytic astrocytomas. A tandem duplication of 2 Mb at 7q34 leads to the expression of a KIAA1549-BRAF fusion protein with a constitutive kinase activity and inducing cell transformation.[12] FunctionBRAF_HUMAN Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May play a role in the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neuron. Publication Abstract from PubMedB-Raf represents an attractive target for anti-cancer therapy and the development of small molecule B-Raf inhibitors has delivered new therapies for metastatic melanoma patients. We have discovered a novel class of small molecules that inhibit mutant B-RafV600E kinase activity both in vitro and in vivo. Investigations into the SAR of the series are presented along with efforts to improve upon the cellular potency, solubility, and pharmacokinetic profile. Compounds selectively inhibited B-RafV600E in vitro and showed preferential anti-proliferative activity in mutant B-RafV600E cell lines and exhibited selectivity in a kinase panel against other kinases. Examples from this series inhibit growth of a B-RafV600E A375 xenograft in vivo at a well tolerated dose. In addition, aminoquinazolines described herein were shown to display pERK elevation in non-mutant B-Raf cell lines in vitro. Discovery and Optimization of a Novel Series of Potent Mutant B-Raf V600E Selective Kinase Inhibitors.,Vasbinder MM, Aquila B, Augustin M, Chen H, Cheung T, Cook D, Drew L, Fauber BP, Glossop S, Grondine M, Hennessy EJ, Johannes J, Lee S, Lyne PD, Mortl M, Omer C, Palakurthi S, Pontz T, Read J, Sha L, Shen M, Steinbacher S, Wang H, Wu A, Ye M J Med Chem. 2013 Feb 11. PMID:23398453[13] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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Categories: Homo sapiens | Large Structures | Aquila B | Augustin M | Bagal B | Chueng T | Cook D | Drew L | Fauber B | Glossop S | Godin R | Grondine M | Hennessy E | Johannes J | Lee S | Lyne P | Moertl M | Omer C | Palakurthi S | Pontz T | Read J | Sha L | Shen M | Steinbacher S | Vasbinder M | Wang H | Wu A | Ye M
