2qjl

Structural highlights

Function

URM1_YEAST Acts as a sulfur carrier required for 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions. Serves as sulfur donor in tRNA 2-thiolation reaction by being thiocarboxylated (-COSH) at its C-terminus by UBA4. The sulfur is then transferred to tRNA to form 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U. Prior mcm(5) tRNA modification by the elongator complex is required for 2-thiolation. May also act as an ubiquitin-like protein that is covalently conjugated to other proteins such as AHP1; the relevance of such function is however unclear in vivo. Indirectly involved in oxidative stress response and regulation of budding and haploid invasive growth.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Furukawa K, Mizushima N, Noda T, Ohsumi Y. A protein conjugation system in yeast with homology to biosynthetic enzyme reaction of prokaryotes. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 17;275(11):7462-5. PMID:10713047
2. ↑ Goehring AS, Rivers DM, Sprague GF Jr. Attachment of the ubiquitin-related protein Urm1p to the antioxidant protein Ahp1p. Eukaryot Cell. 2003 Oct;2(5):930-6. PMID:14555475
3. ↑ Goehring AS, Rivers DM, Sprague GF Jr. Urmylation: a ubiquitin-like pathway that functions during invasive growth and budding in yeast. Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Nov;14(11):4329-41. Epub 2003 Jul 25. PMID:14551258 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E03-02-0079
4. ↑ Nakai Y, Nakai M, Hayashi H. Thio-modification of yeast cytosolic tRNA requires a ubiquitin-related system that resembles bacterial sulfur transfer systems. J Biol Chem. 2008 Oct 10;283(41):27469-76. Epub 2008 Jul 29. PMID:18664566 doi:http://dx.doi.org/M804043200
5. ↑ Huang B, Lu J, Bystrom AS. A genome-wide screen identifies genes required for formation of the wobble nucleoside 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA. 2008 Oct;14(10):2183-94. doi: 10.1261/rna.1184108. Epub 2008 Aug 28. PMID:18755837 doi:10.1261/rna.1184108
6. ↑ Leidel S, Pedrioli PG, Bucher T, Brost R, Costanzo M, Schmidt A, Aebersold R, Boone C, Hofmann K, Peter M. Ubiquitin-related modifier Urm1 acts as a sulphur carrier in thiolation of eukaryotic transfer RNA. Nature. 2009 Mar 12;458(7235):228-32. doi: 10.1038/nature07643. Epub 2009 Jan 14. PMID:19145231 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07643
7. ↑ Noma A, Sakaguchi Y, Suzuki T. Mechanistic characterization of the sulfur-relay system for eukaryotic 2-thiouridine biogenesis at tRNA wobble positions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Mar;37(4):1335-52. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkn1023. Epub 2009, Jan 16. PMID:19151091 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn1023